Top seed Williams dismantled Australia's Sam Stosur 6-0 6-2, the American's third win over Stosur since the latter's infamous victory in the 2011 US Open final.
Williams dropped just seven points in the first set, and lost eight points on serve for the entirety as she cantered into the third round of the WTA Premier event in Montreal.
Russian fourth seed Sharapova trailed by a set and a break before reeling in Spain's Garbine Muguruza 4-6 6-3 6-1.
Ninth seed Ivanovic and 10th seed Cibulkova were both trumped in near three-hour contests, with qualifiers Coco Vandeweghe and Heather Watson posting upset wins.
American Vandeweghe trailed 3-0 in the deciding set of her clash with Serbia's Ivanovic, but reeled off five games in a row before prevailing 6-7 (7-9) 7-6 (9-7) 6-4.
Slovakia's Cibulkova saved match points in the 10th game of the third set against Great Britain's Heather Watson, but the world number 57 came through 6-2 6-7 (3-7) 7-6 (7-5).
Second seed Petra Kvitova had too much class for Australia's Casey Dellacqua, the Czech winning the battle of the left-handers 6-3 6-2.
Angelique Kerber also had an easy time of her second-round battle, the sixth-seeded German downing Caroline Garcia of France 6-4 6-1.
Other seeds to impress included Jelena Jankovic (seven), Caroline Wozniacki (11), Carla Suarez Navarro (14) and Lucie Safarova (15).
Serbia's Jankovic took three hours 15 minutes to see off American Sloane Stephens 6-7 (7-9) 6-4 7-6 (7-4).
Dane Wozniacki dismissed Czech Klara Koukalova 6-1 6-2 and Suarez Navarro of Spain fought hard to down Czech lucky loser Karolina Pliskova 6-1 3-6 6-3.
Wimbledon semi-finalist Safarova beat Slovak Magdalena Rybarikova 6-4 6-2, while Venus Williams had few troubles downing Kazakh qualifier Yulia Putintseva 6-3 6-2.
Germany's Sabine Lisicki dismissed American Madison Keys 4-6 6-1 6-4, and Russia's Ekaterina Makarova defeated compatriot and lucky loser Elena Vesnina 6-3 6-2.