The left-hander has had a disjointed season due to her left wrist problem, and will now undergo extensive rehabilitation that will see her miss the French Open and her home slam at Wimbledon.
Robson, now ranked 64th, has only appeared twice in 2014, retiring in Hobart before getting thrashed by Kirsten Flipkens at the Australian Open.
The 20-year-old made the fourth round at SW19 last year, but Robson - who reached a career-high 27th in the world in July - posted on Facebook that she will be off the circuit for a prolonged period.
"I wanted to inform my lovely supporters that I have decided to have minor wrist surgery at the Mayo clinic (in the US) with one of the best wrist doctors in the world, Dr Richard Berger," her post read.
"Dr Berger is very confident that I will be able to return to the tennis court pain free before you even have time to miss me. Although, sadly, I will have to miss the French Open and Wimbledon."
Robson's injury was the same that sidelined her from the Rogers Cup in August last season.