Marquez won the first 10 races of the 2014 season but had his sensational streak broken in Brno earlier this month. The reigning champion could only finish fourth in the Czech Republic.
The Repsol Honda rider will feel confident about his hopes at Silverstone, though, overcoming a minor crash in the morning's practice to finish fastest in the second qualifying session.
Marquez topped the timesheets in both the third and fourth sessions of free practice, before GO&FUN Honda Gresini's Scott Redding took centre stage.
The Brit was the quickest in the first run of qualifying, ahead of team-mate Alvaro Bautista.
That saw them both participate in Saturday's main session but they were well off the pace as Marquez took charge.
Marquez claimed his 10th pole of the season by zipping around the Silverstone circuit in a best of time of two minutes and 0.829 seconds.
Ducati's Andrea Dovizioso (+0.311secs) impressed on the soft tyres to finish second, while Movistar Yamaha rider Jorge Lorenzo (+0.346secs) recovered from his troubles on Friday to also win a spot on the front row.
NGM Forward Racing's Aleix Espargaro (+0.619secs), Repsol Honda's Dani Pedrosa (+0.635secs) and Valentino Rossi of Movistar Yamaha (+0.721secs) were fourth, fifth and sixth respectively.
Pedrosa, who sits second in the race for the world title, is 77 points behind Marquez.
LCR Honda's Stefan Bradl crashed twice earlier in the day but recovered to finish ninth, while Pramac Racing's Andrea Iannone was a place behind after also suffering a fall.