Vijay fell just five runs short of a century on day four of the second Test at Lord's on Sunday, before Jadeja hit a quick-fire 68 off 57 deliveries.
The duo helped India set England an imposing target of 319 for victory and, with the home side already four wickets down, the tourists look well on course to take a 1-0 lead in the five-match series.
Jadeja and Anderson were reported to be involved in an altercation after the opening drawn Test at Trent Bridge and both men have since been charged by the International Cricket Council.
Asked whether the incident had inspired all-rounder Jadeja, Vijay responded: "I think so. The intent was special. So obviously it is helping us.
"When he came in I could feel the energy, that he would do something special. The intent was there and from ball one he was positive.
"At that time we needed somebody like that. I was playing the anchor role, and he was trying to get the runs. I just told him, 'let's build a 25-run partnership and take it from there.'"
Jadeja added to Sky Sports: "We are in a good position, but we need to get them out early tomorrow. We don't want to give them runs. We have to put them under pressure.
"When I went to bat, I just wanted to play my game. I wanted to go out there and play my shots."