The Englishman had been expected to fight for a medal at the Games in Glasgow, but after hitting the first hurdle in his heat he collided with the second before pulling up.
In Turner's absence it was Jamaica's Andrew Riley who clocked the fastest qualifying time of 13.47seconds, ahead of Barbadian Ryan Brathwaite (13.48secs).
Olympic long jump champion Greg Rutherford cruised into Wednesday's final with a jump of 8.05m on his first attempt, which put him two centimetres ahead of nearest rival Rushwahl Samaai of South Africa.
With no Katarina Johnson-Thompson in the heptathlon, Brianne Theisen-Eaton led the way after the 100m hurdles and high jump, while Grenada's Lindon Victor topped the standings in the early stages of the decathlon.
David Rudisha, the men's Olympic 800m champion, breezed through his heat to make the semi-finals, and Jamaica's Kaliese Spencer qualified fastest in the women's 400m hurdles.
The first gold medal of Tuesday went to Canada's Catharine Pendrel as she claimed victory in the woman's cross-country mountain biking event.
Pendrel finished more than a minute clear of team-mate Emily Batty, with Australia's Rebecca Henderson claiming bronze.
England's 2-1 defeat to New Zealand in the men's hockey means the former now appear likely to meet world champions Australia in the semi-finals, while Trinidad and Tobago beat Malaysia 4-2.
The badminton competition reached the round of 64 in all events, while the lawn bowls saw the start of the men's singles competition and the squash doubles also got underway.
New Zealand produced a dominant display on the netball court to beat St Lucia 88-19, and England's 70-24 win over Trinidad and Tobago keeps them on course for the semi-finals.
England claimed gold in the men's team gymnastics, despite an injury to Sam Oldham, while Hannah Miley and Daniel Wallace gave the home fans something to cheer on the last day of competition in the pool as they moved into the finals of the 400m freestyle and 200m individual medley respectively.
Meanwhile, the qualifying games in the men's and women's singles table tennis competition got underway, and India's Sushil Kumar booked his place in the freestyle wrestling 74kg final where he will meet Ebikweminomo Welson of Nigeria.